Peninsular River System UPSC & South Indian rivers important Points
SON RIVER
▪️ Origin – Maikal hills (Vindhyanchal range, Anuppur district –
Madhya Pradesh).
▪️ Flows in MP, UP and Bihar.
▪️ Dams – Bansagar Dam, Indrapuri Dam.
▪️ River sone joins Ganges near Patna.
▪️ Tributaries : –
• Rihand River • Johila River
• Kanhar River • North koel River
• Gopad River • Chhoti Mahanadi River.
GANDAK RIVER
▪️ Originates at the Nhubine Himal Glacier in the Mustang region of Nepal.
▪️ Tributaries :-
• Kali gandak • Mayangadi • Bari • Trishuli
▪️ Enters Great plains of India in Champaran district of Bihar.
▪️ Flows into Ganges at Hajipur in Bihar.
GHAGHRA RIVER
▪️ Also know as Kuriala in Nepal Himalayas.
▪️ Originates near Gurla Mandhata peak, south of Mansarovar in Tibet.
▪️ Tributaries :-
• Sarda • Sarayu • Rapti
▪️ Passing through Ayodhya and Faizabad town, it joins River Ganges at Chapra near Ballia Town.
KOSI RIVER
▪️ Consist of Seven streams and popularly known as SaptKaushiki.
▪️ Seven streams mingle each other to form three streams known as Tumar, Arun and Sun kosi.
▪️ They unite at Triveni to Form Kosi River.
▪️ They join Ganga near Kursela.
▪️ The channel is braided and shifts its course frequently which Causes devastating Floods. The River is often called Sorrow of Bihar.
▪️ A barrage was constructed in 1965 at Hanumangarh at Nepal.
MAHANADI RIVER
▪️ Length – 885Km.
▪️ Basin extends over the states of Chattisgarh, Odisha, Jharkhand, Maharashtra and MP.
▪️ Source – Dandakaranya ( Amarkantaka ) in Raipur district of Chattisgarh.
▪️ It enters Odisha plains near Cuttack and enters Bay of Bengal at False point.
▪️ Tributaries :-
• Left bank – Seonath, Hasdeo, Mand, Ib.
• Right bank – Ong, tel, Jonk.
▪️ Project on Mahanadi River :-
• Hirakud Project.
• Mahanadi delta Project.
• Hasdeo Bango.
• Mahanadi reservoir Project.
South Indian River System Important Points
GODAVARI RIVER
▪️ Largest river of Penisular India. Length – 1465Km.
▪️ also called as – Dakshin Ganga.
▪️ Rises from Timbakeshwar in the Nashik district of Maharashtra.
▪️ States – Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra, Chattisgarh, Odisha, MP, Karnataka, Poducherry (UT).
▪️ Tributaries :-
• Left Bank – Dharna, Penganga, Wainganga, wardha, panahita, Pench, Sabari, Indravati.
• Right bank – Pravara, Mula, Manjra, Paddavagu, Maner etc
▪️ Below Rajahmundry, the River divides into two main streams Gautami Godavari on east and Vashishta Godavari on west.
▪️ It forms large delta before pour into Bay of Bengal.
KRISHNA RIVER
▪️ Second largest river of Penisular after Godavari.
▪️ Flows through Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra and Karnataka.
▪️ Rises from western ghats near Jor village of satara district of Maharashtra.
▪️ Tributaries :-
• Left bank – Ghataprabha, Malprabha and Tunghbhadra.
• Right bank – Bhima, Musi and Munneru.
▪️ It flows into Bay of Bengal.
▪️ Krishna basin is known for its D-6 block where Reliance Industries discovered largest Natural gas reserves in 2003.
CAUVERY RIVER
▪️ Sacred river of South, aka Ganges of South.
▪️ Rises at Talakaveri on the Brahmagiri Range, on the Coorg district of Karnataka.
▪️ States – T. Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala, Poducherry.
▪️ Tributaries :-
• Left bank – Harangi, Hemavati, Shimsha and Arkavati.
• Right bank – Lakshmantirtha, Kabbani, Suvarnavati, Bhavani, Noyil, Amaravati.
▪️ Cauvery drains into Bay of Bengal.
PENNAR RIVER
▪️ Also know as Uttara pinakini.
▪️ Rises in Chenna Kesava hill of Nandidurg range, in Chikkaballapura district of Karnataka.
▪️ Flows in States of Andhra P. And Karnataka.
▪️ Tributaries :-
• Left bank – Jayamangali, Kunderu and Sagileru.
• Right bank – Chiravati, Papagni, and Cheyyeru.
▪️ Somasila project lies here.
▪️ Important town is Nellore.
▪️ Flows in Bay of Bengal.