Peninsular River System UPSC & South Indian rivers important Points
SON RIVER
Origin – Maikal hills (Vindhyanchal range, Anuppur district –
Madhya Pradesh).
Flows in MP, UP and Bihar.
Dams – Bansagar Dam, Indrapuri Dam.
River sone joins Ganges near Patna.
Tributaries : –
• Rihand River • Johila River
• Kanhar River • North koel River
• Gopad River • Chhoti Mahanadi River.
GANDAK RIVER
Originates at the Nhubine Himal Glacier in the Mustang region of Nepal.
Tributaries :-
• Kali gandak • Mayangadi • Bari • Trishuli
Enters Great plains of India in Champaran district of Bihar.
Flows into Ganges at Hajipur in Bihar.
GHAGHRA RIVER
Also know as Kuriala in Nepal Himalayas.
Originates near Gurla Mandhata peak, south of Mansarovar in Tibet.
Tributaries :-
• Sarda • Sarayu • Rapti
Passing through Ayodhya and Faizabad town, it joins River Ganges at Chapra near Ballia Town.
KOSI RIVER
Consist of Seven streams and popularly known as SaptKaushiki.
Seven streams mingle each other to form three streams known as Tumar, Arun and Sun kosi.
They unite at Triveni to Form Kosi River.
They join Ganga near Kursela.
The channel is braided and shifts its course frequently which Causes devastating Floods. The River is often called Sorrow of Bihar.
A barrage was constructed in 1965 at Hanumangarh at Nepal.
MAHANADI RIVER
Length – 885Km.
Basin extends over the states of Chattisgarh, Odisha, Jharkhand, Maharashtra and MP.
Source – Dandakaranya ( Amarkantaka ) in Raipur district of Chattisgarh.
It enters Odisha plains near Cuttack and enters Bay of Bengal at False point.
Tributaries :-
• Left bank – Seonath, Hasdeo, Mand, Ib.
• Right bank – Ong, tel, Jonk.
Project on Mahanadi River :-
• Hirakud Project.
• Mahanadi delta Project.
• Hasdeo Bango.
• Mahanadi reservoir Project.
South Indian River System Important Points
GODAVARI RIVER
Largest river of Penisular India. Length – 1465Km.
also called as – Dakshin Ganga.
Rises from Timbakeshwar in the Nashik district of Maharashtra.
States – Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra, Chattisgarh, Odisha, MP, Karnataka, Poducherry (UT).
Tributaries :-
• Left Bank – Dharna, Penganga, Wainganga, wardha, panahita, Pench, Sabari, Indravati.
• Right bank – Pravara, Mula, Manjra, Paddavagu, Maner etc
Below Rajahmundry, the River divides into two main streams Gautami Godavari on east and Vashishta Godavari on west.
It forms large delta before pour into Bay of Bengal.
KRISHNA RIVER
Second largest river of Penisular after Godavari.
Flows through Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra and Karnataka.
Rises from western ghats near Jor village of satara district of Maharashtra.
Tributaries :-
• Left bank – Ghataprabha, Malprabha and Tunghbhadra.
• Right bank – Bhima, Musi and Munneru.
It flows into Bay of Bengal.
Krishna basin is known for its D-6 block where Reliance Industries discovered largest Natural gas reserves in 2003.
CAUVERY RIVER
Sacred river of South, aka Ganges of South.
Rises at Talakaveri on the Brahmagiri Range, on the Coorg district of Karnataka.
States – T. Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala, Poducherry.
Tributaries :-
• Left bank – Harangi, Hemavati, Shimsha and Arkavati.
• Right bank – Lakshmantirtha, Kabbani, Suvarnavati, Bhavani, Noyil, Amaravati.
Cauvery drains into Bay of Bengal.
PENNAR RIVER
Also know as Uttara pinakini.
Rises in Chenna Kesava hill of Nandidurg range, in Chikkaballapura district of Karnataka.
Flows in States of Andhra P. And Karnataka.
Tributaries :-
• Left bank – Jayamangali, Kunderu and Sagileru.
• Right bank – Chiravati, Papagni, and Cheyyeru.
Somasila project lies here.
Important town is Nellore.
Flows in Bay of Bengal.